Reversible elastic-fluid turbine.



PATENTED OCT. 29. 1907. G. W. DAKE.

REVERSIBLE ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATIOH FILED 11.10. 1907.

3 SHEETS-3 113111 l.

AIIOR EYS No. 869,773. PATENTED- 001". 29. 1907.

c. w. DAKE.

REVERSIBLE ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

urmonron rum: JAN. 10. 1907.

' a SHEEN-SHEET 2.

'1 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

YPATENTBD OCT. 29.1907.

G. W. DAKE. REVERSIBLE ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATIOK FILED JAN. 10. 1907.

I II: 3

IN VEN TOR.

WITNESSES:

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tic-Fluid UNITED STATES CHARLES W. DAKE, OI GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

- REVERSIBLE EIiASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Oct. 29, 1907.

Application filed January 10. 1907- Serial No. 351,607-

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. DAKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Grand Rapids, county f Kent, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reversible Elas- Turbines, or which the following is a. specification.

This invention rclatt-s to improvements in reversible elastic lluid turbines. l

The objects of this invention are, first, to provide an improved means of reversing the directionof the rotation of the turbine wheel. Second. to provide means of automatically reversing all of the stages of a multistage turbine when the principal or first: stage wheel is reversed. Third, to simplify the construction of re vcrsihle elastic fluid turbines and to increase the elficiency of the some within given dimensions.

Objects pertaining to details of construction will definitely appear from the description and specification to follow.

1 accomplish the objects of my invention by the devices and means described in the following specification. The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

Portions of an elastic fluid turbinesulhcient to illustmto my invention are clearly illustrated in the acc0mpanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, in which, v i

Figure 1 is a detail axial section of my improved elastic fluid turbine, showing the save-ml parts in their relative positions, the buckets and guide pztssagr: being shown diagrammatically and not at their cone sponding angles. Only such parts of the casing valves, rotors or turbine wheels nppcarin this view as is necessary to fully understand the invention. Fig. 2 is a detail section, somewhat enlarged, taken on the irregular line X-X of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow at the end of the line. Only a broken section of the several parts shown, and their relations are here shown diagrammatically. The position of the buckets indicates the direction of rotation, which is also shown by the arrows A and B. Fig. 3 is a detail side elevation view, somewhat enlarged, of the central bucket ring removed from the turbine wheel, the oppositely-arcing U-shupcd blitltcis being indieatul by the dotted lines. Fig. 4 is a side elt-\'-.ition 01' one oi the nozzle and guide grassrge blocks 43, removed from the turbine. a p rtion b ing sectional. the nozz es 16 and the guide pztre'zri' i 47 appearing. Fig. 5 is :1 detail sectional view, sonwwhat enlarged. of tilt nozzl and guide passage blocks 4:. taken on :1 line corresponding to line B-B of F g. 4, and of th line B- l; oi Fig. 1, the buckets 42 and 43 being symnn-triwi .luzt opposite, 00 that they act in opposite dir ctions. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional View, slightly enlarged, of the nozzle and guide passage block 43, taken on .I. linc BB, lookipg in the direction 01' the little arrow and it will be seen that it exactly symmetrical with the section of the block 42 illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view of the nozzle and guide passage block 43, taken on a line O() of Figs. 1 and 4, which shows the guide passage 47 for conducting the fluid from one row of buckets to the rows of buckets on the opposite side of the guide block to secure the further reaction of the same. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the reversing valve, taken on a line corresponding to line 3-8 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view on irregular line YY of Fig. 2 and illustrates the U- shaped buckets as here used, the particular form being the subject of a pending application of mine.

In the drawing, similar numerals of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to thev numbered parts of the drawing, only such portions of an engine are illustrated as are necessary to an understanding of the different features.

The base and the bearings for the turbine wheels and other parts are not here illustrated at all, because my invention does not pertain to them. I show a portion of the front casing l, in section, the ring casing 2 for the first stage, and the ring casing 3 for the secondary stage of the motor with the diaphragm 44 between the same. I also show a portion in section of the first stage turbine wheel 4 and also a similar portion of the secondary stage turbine wheel 5.

T he bucket ringsor segments 6 and 7 are substantially duplicates, except that they are symmetrical and point in opposite directions. The bucket ring8 at the center has'buckets formed on both sides thereof arranged to rotate the wheel in opposite directions, coat-ting with the buckets of the said rings 6 and 7, respectively, depending on which side of the wheel is in operation and in which direction it is rotating. Bucket rings 0: segments 9 and 10 of the second stage are exactly similar, except of a little larger size than the bucket rings 6 and 7 of the first stage turbine wheel, and the central bucket ring 11 is exactly similar to the central bucket ring 8 of the first stage turbine wheel,

except that it is correspondingly larger.

U-shaped buckets 12 are formed in the bucket ring 6, and re-at-l with the (I-shaped buckets. 12 on the corresponding side of the ventral ring 8, and on the 0pposiu; side of the when] there are the buckets 13 in the rings 7 and lit in the corresponding side of thecentral bucket ring 5, which are exactly similar to the buckets l2 and 12, except that they are arranged to m-act in the opposite direction and are symmetrical.

Buckets 14 in the bucket rings 10 and H in the side of the ventral bucket ring 11 of the secondary stage turbine Wllt't'l correspond to the buckets 13 and 13' of the first surge turbine wheel, and the buckets 15 of.

the bucket rings 9 and 1:3 in the central bucket. ring 11 correspond exactly to the buckets 12 and 12' in the first stage turbine wheel.

and these have the same relation to each other that the buckets 12 and 12 have to the buckets l3 and 13.

High pressure nozzles 16 and 17 are in the nozzle and guide-blocks 42 and 42', respectively, being exactly similar except symmetrical for delivering fluid to the bucketsof the two sides of the prime or first stage of the turbine. Nozzles 1S and 19 of the second stage COl'l'CSp0i1d t tue nozzles 16 and 17 of the first stage rotor, being located respectively in corresponding guide passage blocks, the blocks being numbered 40 and .1, respectively. Guide passages 47 are through the nozzle and guide passage blocks 42, 43 and 40 and 41, being exactly opposite and symmetrical in each of the said pairs of blocks, the details of such guide passages clearly appearing in Figs. 4 and 7, and their relative position also being indicted in Fig. 1. 'There is a row of nozzles and of guide passages in each block. An elastic fluid passage 20 delivers to the nozzles 17 and a similar passage 21 delivers to the nozzle 16. A similar passage 22 delivers to. the nozzle 18 and a similar passage 23 delivers to the nozzle 19 of the second in annular elastic fluid chamber 24 delivers fluid to the several direct acting nozzle blocks, and an annular fluid chamber 24 delivers fluid to the several reverse nozzle-blocks, these annular chambers being indicated in the cross-section appearing in Fig. 1. P 26 and 27 lead from the valve chamber 29 to these annular chambers 25 and 24, respectively. A valve 28 is provided for admitting fluid to either of the passages 26 and '27, or for closing the same as may be required to operate the turbine in either direction, or to stop it, the ports in the valve being arranged in reiationto each other, so that, when one is opened, the otheris closed, and so that both may be closed. The ports are so arranged that only one can be opened at a time. The valve casing 29 is provided with s. flange 30 to whicha fluid supply pipe 31 is connected. The valve 28 is provided with a stem 32, which is under control of the hand lever 33, by means of which the valve, and consequently the engine, is controlled.

A small port leads from the'annular chamber 24 to actuate a valve which controls the admission of the elastic fluid to the secondary stage turbine, and a similar port 34' leads from the annular chamber 25 to act upon the same valve when steam is admitted to this part of the engine to automatically control the flow of steam to the secondary stage rotor. These ports to a valve chamber 36, within which is located a pieton valve 35, which has an annular port at its cenm and connects the conducting passage 38 to the 38 whenthevniwisinihenpperpoaition, as'indicated in Fig. 1, or to the put a 39, when the valve is moved downward by the pressure attire steam delivered through the port 34. The port 38 leads from the valve chamber 36 to the pmge 22, already herein referred to anddescribed, into the nozzle and guide p block 40 and the port 39, shown by dotted lines, leads from the valve chamber 36 to the e 23 andthence to the passage 23 into the nozzle and guide e block 41 already heretofore dei It will be observed that the various segments and rings are secured to the disks or wheels 4 and 5 by bolts 4;"), therethrough, the peripheries of the wheels being dove-tailed and the central rings 8 and 11 being oppositely dove-tailed. The oppositely-facing rings 6 and 7, and 9 and 10, are conformed to these dovetails, so that, when the bolts are tightened, all of the parts are positively located and locked together in their correct relation.

I desire to remark that many of the details of this structure can be varied without departing from the broad features of my invention. I believe, however, that I have shown details of the construction that possess merits in themselves, and I desire to claim the same specifically as well as the broad feature of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a reversibie elastlc fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing divided by a diaphragm; a primary and a secondary turbine wheel, each of which is provided with a double set of buckets at its periphery, consisting of a central ring with U-sbaped buckets facing in opposite directions on the opposite sides thereof, and segments or rings corresponding thereto and opposite the same; nozzle and guide blocks in pairs, one block at least for each set of buckets facing in opposite directions; annular passages connected to each series of guide blocks in pairs; a valve arranged to control the admission of the fluid to either of said passages separately, or to shut oi! 'the said fluid entirely; an automatic vaive between the two parts of the engine, the same being a piston valve operated by the elastic fluid; passages leading from the annular chambers of each side of the primary turbine to opposite ends 01' the valve chamber. of the piston valve for throwing the automatic valve to pass the elastic fluid from the primary to the secondary turbine: a secondary turbine with passages controlled by the said automatic piston valve for receiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all ,co-actlng substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

2. In a reversible elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing divided by a diaphragm; a primary and a secondary turbine wheel, each of which is provided with a double set or buckets at its periphery, consisting of a. central ring with II-shaped buckets facing in opposite directions on the opposite sides thereof, and segments ,0! rings corresponding thereto and opposite the same ;--nor.r.le and guide blocks in pairs, one block at least for each set of buckets taclng in opposite directions; annular passages connected to each series of guldeiblucks in pairs; a valve arranged to control the admission 0; the fluid to either of said passages separately, or to shut 0d the said fluid en tireiy; an automatic valve between the two parts of the engine; passages leading from the annular chambers of each side of the primary turbine tor throwing the auto matlc valve to pass the elastic fluid from the primary to the secondary turbine; a secondary turbine with passages controlled by the said automatic valve for receiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all co-actlng substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. In a. reversible elnstlefluid turbine, the combination o! a. suitable casing, divided by a diaphragm; a primary and secondary turbine wheel, each or which is provided with a doublet of bucket: at its periphery, arranged to be acted upon to rotate the wheel in opposite directions;

nozzle and guide blocks in pairs, one block at least for each lot or buckets, lacing in opposite directions rrom each other, arranged to co-act with the corresponding rowl of buckets; passages connected to each series or guide blocks; 1 valve arranged to control the admission of fluid through said passages separately or to shut on! the fluid entirely; an automatic valve between the two parts of the engine, the same being a piston valve operated by the elastic fluid; passages leading from the .llllllllll' chambers in each side of the primary turbine, to

for throwing the automatic valve to pass the elastic fluid {tom the primary to the secondary turbine; a secondary turbine with passages controlled from the said automatic piston valve, for receiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all reacting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

4. In a re ersible elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing. divided by a diaphragm; a primary and secondary turbine wheel, each of which is provided with a double set of pockets at its periphery. arranged to be acted upon to rotate the wheel in opposite directions; nozzle and guide blocks in pairs. one block at least for each set of buckets, facing in opposite directions from each other, arranged to coact with the corresponding rows of buckets; passages connected to each series oi. guide blocks: a valve arranged to control the admission of fluid through said passages separately or to shut oi! the fluid entirely: :in automatic valve between the two parts of the engine passages leading from the annular chambers in each side oi the primary turbine for throwing the automatic valve to pass the elastic fluid from the primary to the secondary turbine; a secondary turbine with passages controlled from the said-automatic valve, for receiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all co-acting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

5. in a reversible elastic fluid turbine, the combination I of a suitable casing divided by a diaphragm; a primary and a sec ndary turbine wheel, each of which is provided with a. double set of buckets at its periphery, consisting.

of a central ring with U-shnped buckets facing in opposite directions on the opposite sides-thereof, and segments or rings corresponding'thereto and opposite the same; nozzle and guide blocks in pairs, one block at least tor each set of buckets facing in opposite directions: annular passages connected to each series of guide blocks in pairs; means arranged to control the admission of the fluid to either of said passages separaiely or to shut oi! the said fluid entirelyf an automatic valve between the two parts of the engine, the same being a piston valve operated by the elasiic fluid; passages leading from the annular chambers of each side of the primary turbine to opposite ends oi the valve chamber of the piston valve for throwing the automatic valve to pass the elastic fluid from the primary to the secondary turbine; 11 secondary turbine with passages controlled by the said automatic piston valve for receiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all (o-acting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

6. In a reversible elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing divldedby hfliapbragm; a primary and a secondary turbine wheel, cucll of which is provided with a double sci of buckets at its periphery, consisting of :1 central ring with U Silt-ilifldbllt'kQtS facing in opposite directions on the opposite sides thereof. and segments or rings correspomling llvereto and opposite the same; nozzle and guide blocks in pairs, one bull-k at least for each s t of buckets facing in opposite directions: annular passages connected to each series of guide blocks in pairs; means to control the admission of the il'uid to either of said paw sages separately or to shut oi! the said fluid entirely; an automatic valve betw en the two parts of the engine; passages loading from the annular chambers of each side of the primary turbine for throwing the automatic valve to pass the elastic: iluid frmu.the primary to the secondary turbine; a secondary turbine with puma-ea controlled by the sald untonmtizvalve i'or rfi-civing the iluid that is delivcrod from the said primary turbinc, all 'co-nctlm: substantially as doscrilwd and for'llu! purpose spcciiled.

T. In a reversible elnsiic iiuld turbine. the combination of a suitable casing, divided by a diaphragm; a primary and secondary turbine win-cl. ouch of which is provided with a double sci. oi buckets ut iis'periphcry, arranged in be 0011' upon to rolnto [he wheel in opposite directions; nozzle and cubic him-ks in pulrs, one block at least for unchisct of burkcls. inrlng'in opposite directions from cucli otinzr, arranged in cu-llr'l lvlill tho corresponding rows of bUCkIPlS;'pIZHSilgiEI connected to each series of guide blocks; means to controilbe admission of fluid through said passages separately or to shut nit the fluid entirely; an automatic valve between the two parts of the engine, the same being a piston valve operated by the elastic fluid; passages leading from the annular chambers in each side of the primary turbine to opposite ends of the valve chamber or the piston valve, for throwing the ant. matic valve to pass the el stic fluid from the primary to the secondary turbine; a secondary turbine with passages controlled from the said automatic piston valve, for receiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all to-acting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

8. In a re'ersible elastic fluid turbine, the combination oi a suitable casing, divided by a diaphragm: a primary and secondary turbine wheel, each of which is provided with a double set of buckets at its periphery. arranged to be acted upon to rotate the wheel in opposite directions; nozzle and guide blocks in pairs, one block at least for each set of buckets, facing in opposite directions from each other. arranged to co-act with the corresponding rows of buckets: passages connected to each series of guide blocks: means to control the admission of iiuid through said passages separately or to shut oif the iluid entirely; an automatic valve between the two parts oi. the engine; passages leading from the annular chambers in each side of the primary turbine for throwing the automatic valve to pass the elastic fluid from the primary to the secondary turbine; a secondary turbine with passages controlled from the said automatic valve, for rereceiving the fluid that is delivered from the said primary turbine, all co-acting substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

9. In a reversible elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing; a turbine wheel within the casing. provided with a double set of buckets at its periphery, consisting of a central ring with ll-shaped buckets facing in opposite directions on the opposite sides thereof, and s gments or rings corresponding thereto and opposite the same; nozzle and guide blocks, in pairs, one at least or each set of buckets facing in opposite directions; passages connected to each of said pair of guide blocks, and a valve arranged to control the admission of fluid to either of said passages. separately vor to shut the same 0115 entirely, coacting for the purpose specified.

10. in a reversible elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing; a turbine wheel within the casing, provided with a double set of buckets at its periphery, consisting of a central ring with IT-shaped buckets facing in opposite directions on the opposite sides thereof. and segments or rings corresponding thereto and opposite the same; nozzle and guide blocks, in pairs, one at least for each set of buckets facing in opposite directions; passages connected to each of said pair of guide blocks. and means to control the admission of fluid to either of .said passages, separately or to shut the same oi! entirely, co-acting (or the purpose specified.

11. In a rcvcrsible elastic fluid turbine, the combination oi a suitable casing; a pair of fluid passages, one for the direct action and the other tor'the reverse; a turbine wheel w th double sets of buckets facing to act in opposite directions, consisting of the web 4, dovetailed at its yn-riphcry, a ring 8, provided with oppositely-facing mshupcd buckets on its opposite sides, fitted to one perlphery oi the web 4, and having a dovciuil at its inner part. the broad portion of which abuts against the broad portion of the dovetail of the web, both of said dovetails lacing provldcd with shoulders, bucket segments 6 and 7, on oppnsiic sides of the said web, corresponding to the buckets on the corrcs xmding sides of said ring 8, having shanks corresponding to the said dovetailed portions, and a transverse bolt through the shanks and the web near its mriphcry. for clamping the parts together and locking them in corn-c: relation to each other, all co-actlng substantially as described and (or the purpose specified.

12. in a i'uVl-mihlc elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a suitable casing; 21 pair of'iiuid passages, one for the direct action and the other for the reverse; a turhinc whccl with double sets of buckets facing to act in opposite directions, consisting of the web 4. dovetailed at its periphery, a ring 8, provided with oppositely-facing 5 being provided wiLh JllOLlllVli, bucket segmcnls G and 7,

on opposite sides of the said web, corresponding to the buckets on the corrospondin sides of said ring; 8. having shanks corresponding to the said dovetailed portions, m ans for clamping the pa ts together and locking them in correct relation to ouch other, all co-aviiug substantially as described and for the purpose specilivd.

13 In :1 r-=versil le elasticiluid turbine. the combination of a suitable casingv continuing a series of chambers; a turbine in each chamber, with a double eries of I" iapr-d buckets arranged to react in opposite directions Judopenqlunt guide passages and nozzles corresponding to said double series of lmcl-Icts; a valve minus arranged LO control said iluid pussy-cs; and-an aurnmntic valve oetwecu the-first chamber and the second chamb r controlled by Hi? direct fluid pressure, for directing the flow, of fluid into the second chamber from the first chamber, co-acting for the purpose specified. 1

14. In a reversible elastic fluid turbine. the comblnatic: o! a suitable casing containing a series of chambers; a

turbine in each chamber, with a double series of hhckefis arranged to'react in opposit' directions; independent guide passages and nozzles corn-sponding to said double series 01 buckets: a valve means arranged in control said guide passages; a passage betwe n the tint and nccond chambers; apision valve .0 conrroi said passage; and a steam passage leading from each of the guide past-1gp; of tiles-aid first turbine to opposite ends of said piston ml' for reversing the lhl'OW of the piston valve automatically by the rein-r54 or the main valve. co'iiciing for the purpose spccifiedf 15. In a reversible elastic fluid turbine, the combinatlon of the casing; a reversible turbine with oppositely faced U-shaped buckets: nozzle blocks arranged between the said l1uckct=. having a series of delivery nozzles; n. correspondin: icries of guide passages: and means to deliver to one or the other of said nozzle blocks. enacting as specified.

In wilncsse whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence Q1 two witnesses.

CHARLES W. DAKE. [L. 8.] Witnesses:

CHARLES A. MERRELL,

' Fnnn L CHAPPELL. 

